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1.0.x

PHPWA Bundle

Turn your Symfony App into a Progressive Web App

Hi 👋🏼,

You're definitely here to learn more about Progressive Web Apps (PWA) and how to integrate them into your Symfony application. If you've landed here thanks to the wheel of fortune, no problem! Let's first explore what a PWA is.

What is a PWA?

Progressive Web Apps are modern web applications that provide a user experience similar to native apps, with the added advantage of being accessible directly from a web browser. Before delving into how to incorporate them into your Symfony application, let's take a closer look at what makes PWAs so compelling and powerful.

PWA benefits

Cost Efficiency and Development:

PWAs are generally cheaper to build compared to native apps, saving on development expenses. No need for supporting several languages or platforms.

PWAs enhance the user experience and accessibility:

Apps-Like UI and Feel: PWAs provide an app-like user interface and feel, easily installable on users' devices.
Offline Capabilities: PWAs function seamlessly offline, ensuring users can access content even without an internet connection.
Push Notifications: PWAs support push notifications, enhancing user engagement by keeping them informed.

PWAs excel in discoverability and maintenance aspects:

SEO Friendly: PWAs are SEO-friendly, making them easily discoverable through search engines.
Automatic Updates: PWAs can be set up for automatic updates, ensuring users always have the latest version without manual interventions.

PWAs come with technical advantages for developers:

Bypass the App Stores: PWAs can be distributed independently, bypassing the need for app store approval.
Device API Access: PWAs have access to device APIs, providing developers with more control and flexibility.
Faster Loading Times: PWAs load quickly, contributing to an efficient and responsive user experience.

How To Create A PWA?

As the name suggests, the development of a Progressive Web App (PWA) is an incremental process. Two pivotal components define a PWA: the Manifest and the Service Worker. These elements are independent of each other and not obligatory.

By integrating these two elements, the Manifest and the Service Worker, a PWA delivers an optimal user experience with easy installation, offline accessibility, and heightened performance, all while retaining the flexibility of web development.

The Manifest

How To Install/Remove A PWA?

For a Progressive Web App (PWA) to be installable, the Manifest file must include certain mandatory information that are listed on this page.

The PWA is not really installed. Your system will not download all the pages, assets, source code of your application and will not start a web server. The "installation" can be compared to a fully featured link to a web page, including application detail, icons or any other information defined in the manifest file. The browser will also "plus" application feautres to the host system.

To add or remove a Progressive Web App (PWA) from your browser, follow these general steps. Please note that the exact steps may vary slightly depending on the browser and version you are using.

These steps should help you add or remove a PWA from your browser, but keep in mind that the exact process might differ slightly based on updates and changes made to browsers over time.

Adding a PWA

Chrome

When navigating on a Progressive Web App, an icon will be visible on the right side of the URL toolbar. Clicking on it will open a dialog with the application detail and a button to install it.

This will create a shortcut on your desktop or in the app menu, and the PWA will open in a separate window.

Below an example on .

Microsoft Edge

The installation of a PWA is very similar to Chrome.

Firefox

To be written

Safari (iOS)

To be written

Removing a PWA:

Chrome

From the application, click on the three vertical dots and select "Uninstall AppXxx" and confirm.

Microsoft Edge

From the application, click on the three horizontal dots and select "App settings".

The application manager window will open. From this panel, you will be able to clear the application data or uninstall it.

Firefox

To remove a PWA from Firefox, open the PWA from your desktop or application folder. Within the app, navigate to the Firefox menu in the upper right corner, represented by three horizontal bars. From the dropdown, select 'Remove Site' or 'Delete App', then confirm your choice. This removes the PWA from your device.

Safari (iOS)

Removing a PWA from an iOS device is straightforward. Locate the PWA icon on your home screen or in your app library. Press and hold the icon until a menu appears, then select 'Remove App'. Confirm the removal when prompted. This deletes the PWA from your iOS device.

Android

On an Android device, locate the PWA icon in your app drawer or home screen. Long-press the icon, then select the 'Uninstall' option. Confirm your choice if prompted. This will remove the PWA from your Android device.

Windows 10+

A Progresive Web App appears like a normal application in the software manager. Windows+X, "Install Applications" then select the three horizontal dots of the application you want uninstall and confirm.

Bundle Installation

To install the bundle, the recommended way is using Composer:

composer require spomky-labs/pwa-bundle

No Flex recipe exists for this bundle, but you can create a configuration file that will be modified as you progress in the integration of the features.

/config/packages/pwa.yaml

pwa: ~

The integration in your application is very simple. You are only required to add a Twig function inside the end of the <head> tag of your HTML pages.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  {{ pwa() }}
</head>
<body>
  ...
</body>
</html>

You may need to clear the cache after the bundle is installed

Deployment

As this bundle leverages Asset Mapper, the resources are served using this great component.

In the dev environment, the resources are automactilly handled and returned by your Symfony app.

For the prod environment, before deploy, you should run:

The Manifest

Application Information

For a Progressive Web App (PWA) to be installable, the manifest file must include certain mandatory information. These details help the browser understand how the application should be presented to the user and its behavior upon installation.

While not all of these properties are strictly mandatory, a manifest must at least contain the minimum information for the browser to prompt the user to install the application. In practice, it is recommended to include as much information as possible to enhance the user experience.

Here are the key properties of the manifest that are typically considered necessary for PWA installation:

name: The name of the application.
short_name: A short or abbreviated name for the application (used when space is limited, e.g., on a home screen).
start_url: The relative or absolute URL from which the application should launch when opened.
display: Determines how the application should be displayed. Common values include fullscreen, standalone,minimal-ui and browser.
background_color: The background color of the application.
theme_color: The color representing the main theme of the application.
icons: An array of objects describing the application's icons for different sizes and resolutions. ()

Minimal example of a manifest:

As it has an impact on the Twig pages, you may need to clear the cache when the manifest is enabled.

ID

One of the parameters included in this file is the id property. This parameter is crucial as it uniquely identifies the PWA across browsers and devices, enabling a consistent user experience.

This id parameter should be consistent and not change, even if other manifest properties are updated. It's important for maintaining the application's identity for things like saved user preferences and home screen shortcuts.

When absent, an ID is determined using the start_url parameter, the manifest location and its scope. Adding an id to the manifest allows to change the start_url and the manifest path. Note that the domain shall not change.

To be written

Direction and Language

The PWA dir and lang parameters.

Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) can be tailored for different languages and writing directions through the use of the dir and lang parameters in the HTML tag.

By properly setting the dir and lang parameters, you ensure better user experience, accessibility, and potentially improved SEO for your PWA.

Please note that those values should be in accordance with the ones set as <html> tag attributes.

Orientation

The orientation property in the Progressive Web Application (PWA) manifest dictates the default orientation that the web application will be displayed in. The allowed values are:

portrait-primary: The orientation is in the primary portrait mode.
landscape-primary: The orientation is in the primary landscape mode.
portrait: Either of the portrait orientations.
landscape: Either of the landscape orientations.
any: Any orientation.

Setting the orientation helps ensure that the PWA looks good and functions well on mobile devices.

Example:

With the above manifest configuration, the application will default to landscape orientation when launched from a device's home screen.

Description

The description member is a string that allows the developer to describe the purpose of the web application. It serves as the accessible description of an installed web application.

/config/packages/pwa.yaml

pwa:
    manifest:
        enabled: true
        description: "This application helps you donate to worthy causes."

IARC Rating ID

The International Age Rating Coalition (IARC) rating system ID. This is not mandatory but is useful for digital content that requires an age rating.

/config/packages/pwa.yaml

pwa:
    manifest:
        enabled: true
        iarc_rating_id: "e.g. IARC certificate code"

Screenshots

Progressive Web App screenshots enable richer installation UI. As shown below, by default only the application name and short name are visible.

However, by including screenshots in the web app manifest, the installation experience can be significantly improved. These screenshots give users a visual preview of the app, enhancing their understanding and increasing the likelihood of installation.

Screenshots should showcase the most important functionalities of your application and be of high quality to attract users.

In the example below, a selection of screenshots are visible and the user can navigate to show them all. On mobile devices, the interface is different, but shows the same information.

Configuration

You can add as many screenshots as you need. But keep in mind that the host device or the platform may show only a selection of them.

`src` Parameter

See the description .

Ensure that the screenshots you provide are of high quality. Crisp and clear images can make a significant difference in how users perceive your app. Always aim for the highest resolution possible, without compromising the load times or performance of the installation interface.

Remember, these screenshots are part of your app's first impression on potential users. Take the time to choose them wisely, ensuring they accurately represent your app and its key features.

`type` Parameter

This parameter is similar to .

`label` Parameter

The label parameter provides a way to give a brief description or caption for the screenshot. This helps users to understand what the feature or screen is about before they have installed the app. It assists in providing context and can be particularly useful when displaying a series of screenshots.

Example:

`platform` Parameter

The platform parameter can be used to specify which operating system the screenshot is intended for. This helps to display the appropriate screenshots for users on different devices. For instance, you might have specific screenshots for Android users versus those using a desktop browser.

Example:

Possible values are listed below. This list is not exhaustive.

Device platform identifiers:
- "android"
- "chromeos"

`form_factor` Parameter

The form_factor parameter allows you to define the intended device form factor for your screenshots. This can help cater to different device types, such as mobile, tablet, or desktop, ensuring that the screenshots displayed are relevant to the user's device.

Possible values include:

"narrow": Suggests the screenshot is best suited for narrow screen devices, like phones.
"wide": Implies the screenshot is intended for wider screen devices, such as tablets or desktops.

Example:

Protocol Handlers

Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) have the ability to handle web protocols, which means they can respond to specific URL schemes. For example, a PWA can register to handle mailto: links, so that clicking on an e-mail link can open a compose window in the PWA instead of opening the default mail client.

The application can declare custom protocols using the prefix web+.

With protocol handlers, your PWA can provide a more integrated user experience, functioning more like a native application.

Configuration

Considerations When Using Protocol Handlers

Ensure that your PWA is served over HTTPS, as handling protocols can present security risks if not properly secured.
Test the protocol handlers thoroughly on different browsers, as support for this feature can vary.
Respect user choice. Always provide an easy way for users to opt-out of using the PWA as a default handler for specific protocols.

File Handlers

If your PWA is able to load certain type of files, you can declare in the Manifest file the supported MIME types and tell the host system you are able to manage those files.

To declare the supported file types, you can add a file_handlers entry to your web app manifest. This entry specifies the types of files that the app can open, along with an action URL that handles the opening of those files.

/config/packages/pwa.yaml

pwa:
    manifest:
        enabled: true
        file_handlers:
            - action: "/open"
              accept:
                  - "image/png": [".png"]
                  - "image/jpeg": [".jpg", ".jpeg"]

By adding a file handler for the above image types, your PWA will announce to the operating system that it can handle these types of files. When users open files with these extensions, your PWA will be suggested as an application to open them with.

The action property refers to the URL within the PWA context that will handle the file interaction. Ensure that your PWA is properly set up to handle file interactions at the specified URL.

The action property can be a relative URL, absolute URL or an route name. It is managed the same way as showed in the shortcuts section.

Share Target

The Share Target feature enhances the functionality of Progressive Web Apps (PWAs) by seamlessly integrating them into the native operating system's sharing capabilities. This means that when users come across content that they want to share from any app or browser, your PWA can appear in the list of sharing options alongside other native applications.

In the example below, the PWA indicates it can receive image files. The files are sent to the application using a POST request to /share-target and multipart/form-data encoding. The shared file is in the request body file member.

The Service Worker

Configuration

The Service Worker is a Javascript file you can declare in the configuration file. It will be automatically served by the bundle as long as your template file uses the Twig pwa method.

"sw.js" is served by Asset Mapper and refers to the file in /assets/sw.js folder of your project. It can be stored elsewhere if needed.

To start, just put an empty file. It will be automatically populated by the bundle and will evolves depending on your application needs.

The following example is exactly the same:

As it has an impact on the Twig pages, you may need to clear the cache when the service worker is enabled.

By default, the public URL of the service worker will be /sw.js. You can change this URL using the dest configuration option.

Service Worker Initialization

The Service Worker initialization script uses either Workbox Window if enabled or a smiliar Vanilla JS script.

When Workbox is enabled, its initialization script typically loads from an external URL. However, for improved performance and security, we advise installing it via Asset Mapper instead of relying on remote loading.

The two other options are also available:

Other Options

The Service worker section has other options you may be interested in.

Scope

The scope parameter defaults to /. It is a string representing the service worker's registration scope. It should be aligned with the .

Cache

The use_cache parameter is enable by default. It is a boolean that sets how the HTTP cache is used for service worker script resources during updates.

Skip Waiting

The skip_waiting parameter is disabled by default. It ensures that any new versions of a service worker will take over the page and become activated immediately. It is safe in general, but may create issues when the old service worker is handling events while it is updated.

Content Security Policy

If your application uses Content Security Policy (CSP) to declare and restrict script execution, the Service Worker will not be loaded as expected.

Fortunately, you are able to pass attributes such as a nonce to the script directive.

In the example below, the nonce attribute is managed by nelmio/security-bundle.

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
  {{ pwa(swAttributes= {nonce: csp_nonce('script')}) }}
</head>
<body>
  ...
</body>
</html>

Workbox

This bundle provides a simple Workbox integration path. Service Workers are not that easy to write. It can become a nightmare when dealing with mutliple caching rules or offline capabilities.

Workbox takes the pain out of service worker creation by providing a set of tools and best practices that can be used out of the box. It’s like having an expert by your side, guiding you through the complexities of browser caching and service worker logic.

This bundle builds on top of Workbox and includes several options so you don't need to write a line of Javascript to have a fully functional Service Worker.

Workbox provides various caching strategies to make it easy to manage how requests are handled by the service worker. One of the features is the ability to maintain a page cache for certain URLs or routes.

A warm cache refers to pre-loading URLs during the service worker installation phase. This ensures that those URLs are cached and readily available even before they are requested by the user.

Site Manifest Cache

The Site Manifest file can be cache by the bundle. This feature is enabled by default and mainly used to avoid error messages in the console and adds no significant benefits over the time.

Asset Caching

Contains a breaking change compared to v1.0.x

The cache is populated with all assets managed by Asset Mapper. By default, it includes all types of well recognized assets such as images, stylesheets or scripts:

/\.(css|js|json|xml|txt|map|ico|png|jpe?g|gif|svg|webp|bmp)$/

This can be changed using the next configuration options:

/config/packages/pwa.yaml

pwa:
    serviceworker:
        enabled: true
        src: "sw.js"
        workbox:
            asset_cache:
                enabled: true
                regex: '/\.(css|jsx?)$/'

Image Caching

By default, a maximum of 60 images are cached for 1 year. The supported image extensions extensions are as follows:

/\.(ico|png|jpe?g|gif|svg|webp|bmp)$/

This can be changed using the next configuration options

/config/packages/pwa.yaml

pwa:
    serviceworker:
        enabled: true
        src: "sw.js"
        workbox:
            image_cache:
                enabled: true
                max_age: 30 days
                max_entries: 200
                regex: '/\.(png|jpe?g|svg|webp)$/'

This cache is different from the Asset one as it corresponds to images that are not managed by Asset Mapper

Font Caching

By default, 30 fonts can be cached for 1 year. This only comprises fonts served directly by your application. The supported fonts are as follows:

This can be changed using the next configuration options:

Google Font Caching

Fonts served by Google Fonts have a dedicated rule. It is enabled by default and you can disable it or customize some parameters.

Offline Fallbacks

Workbox makes it easy to create robust offline experiences in web applications. When a user navigates to a page without an internet connection, instead of showing an error, your application can serve a predefined fallback page, image or font.

/config/packages/pwa.yaml

pwa:
    serviceworker:
        enabled: true
        src: "sw.js"
        workbox:
            offline_fallback:
                page: 'app_offline_page'
                image: 'images/offline.svg'
                font: 'fonts/normal.ttf'

page_fallback can be a relative URL, a route name or a route name with parameters. See URL parameter for more information.

image_fallback and font_fallback refer to assets delivered by Asset Mapper or an URL to the font file.

BackgoundSync

Background Sync is a feature provided by service workers that enables your Progressive Web App to defer actions until the user has stable connectivity. This is particularly useful for ensuring any requests or data submitted by the user are not lost if their internet connection is unreliable.

queue_name: Unique queue name for each queue to easily identify and manage separate background sync processes. This is essential for categorizing different types of requests such as API calls and form submissions.
match_callback: .
method: Specifies the HTTP method (e.g., POST) for the requests to be queued. This helps in filtering which request methods should be considered for background synchronization.
max_retention_time: The maximum time (in minutes) that a request will be retried in the background. This is crucial for managing storage and ensuring outdated requests are not unnecessarily retried.
force_sync_fallback: (Optional) A boolean value that, when set to true, forces the background sync to attempt a sync even under conditions where it might not normally do so. Useful in critical data submission scenarios.
broadcast_channel: Specifies the name of the Broadcast Channel API channel used to communicate the status of the background sync process to the rest of the application. This enables real-time update capabilities on the user interface regarding the sync status. See for communication between the Service Worker and the frontend.

CDN and Versions

By default, the bundle uses Workbox 7.0.0 which was released end of May 2023. The files are provided by the bundle so that all files are served by your server.

If needed, you can use a CDN and a different version.

Cache Cleaning

When the service worker changes and is activated, the cache is purged. This feature is made to avoid the cache to grow in size and prevent your application to reach the limit of the host system or browser.

You can disable the cache purge, however you have to make sure the cached data is managed by other means.

Custom Cache Strategy

TO BE WRITTEN

Push Notifications

If you are interested in Web Push notifications from the server side, please read about the bundle we maintain: https://web-push.spomky-labs.com/

As handling Web Push notifications can differ from one application to another, this bundle does not provide easy way to manage them. You will have to write your own logic into the Service Worker.

Hereafter an example where the received notifications are displayed.

self.addEventListener('push', async function (event) {
    if (!(self.Notification && self.Notification.permission === 'granted')) {
        return;
    }
    const {title, options}= event.data.json();
    event.waitUntil(self.registration.showNotification(title, options));
});

More examples to come

Symfony UX

Connection Status

The Connection Status component is designed to monitor and react to changes in the user's internet connection status. This component provides a simple way to show a notification or change the state of your application when the user's device goes offline or comes back online.

Usage

To use the Connection Status component, include it in your application and initialize it with the necessary options. Below is an example of how to integrate the Connection Status component into your project:

Parameters

Prefetch on demand

Modern browsers are able to prefetch pages. Let say an article is displayed to the user. This article has related articles or pages the user may read. These pages can be prefetched so that when the user will click on the related link, the page will be available instantly.

To acheive that, you can add the follwing HTML tag:

Another approch could be the use of the provided Stimulus Component to prefetch on demand and depending on the user navigation on the page. For example, no link tags are set and mouseover or any other user action will trigger the prefetch of the related pages.

Usage

Sync Broadcast

TO BE WRITTEN

Usage

Parameters

None

Image Management

Icons

Progressive Web Apps may have icons of multiple formats and sizes to be correctly shown on targeted plaforms. This task may become boring as your application evolves. The bundle provides a simple console command to ease the creation of these icons.

Icons shall be square images

Image Processor

The icon command requires an image processor to work to be declared in the configuration file. Two Image Processors are provided by the bundle.

pwa.image_processor.imagick: requires the PHP Imagick extension
pwa.image_processor.gd: requires the PHP GD extension

You can use a custom service if needed. It must implement the interface SpomkyLabs\PwaBundle\ImageProcessor\ImageProcessor.

Resizing Icons

From your shell, you can use the following command line to convert an image to a preset of sizes and using the same format as the input:

This will create a folder in assets/icons with icons of sizes 16x16, 32x32, 48x48, 96x96, 144x144, 180x180, 256x256, 512x512 and 1024x1024. In addition, the console output will give you the best configuration to use these new image files by copy-pasting.

This configuration is to be adapt depending on the icon type (application, shortcut, widget...)

Formats And Sizes

You can change the format and sizes by setting the values you need as options

Output Folder

Similarily, if you want to change the output folder, you can set it as an option.

Screenshots

Taking screenshots of your application has great benefits.It may become difficult to manage screenshot updates as the application evolves, in particular if multiple sizes are managed.

This command requires dependencies and should be executed in dev environnement only.

Image Processor

Please read the section on .

Experimental Features

Launch Handler

The Launch Handler API allows developers to control how your PWA is launched. For example if it uses an existing window or creates a new one, and how the app's target launch URL is handled.

This has one sub-field, client_mode, which contains a string value specifying how the app should be launched and navigated to.

/config/packages/pwa.yaml

pwa:
    manifest:
        enabled: true
        launch_handler:
            client_mode: "focus-existing"

If not specified, the default client_mode value is auto. Available values are:

focus-existing: The most recently interacted with browsing context in a web app window is chosen to handle the launch. This will populate the target launch URL in the targetURL property of the LaunchParams object passed into the window.launchQueue.setConsumer()'s callback function. As you'll see below, this allows you to set custom launch handing functionality for your app.
navigate-existing: The most recently interacted with browsing context in a web app window is navigated to the target launch URL. The target URL is still made available via window.launchQueue.setConsumer() to allow additional custom launch navigation handling to be implemented.
navigate-new: A new browsing context is created in a web app window to load the target launch URL. The target URL is still made available via window.launchQueue.setConsumer() to allow additional custom launch navigation handling to be implemented.
auto: The user agent decides what works best for the platform. For example, navigate-existing might make more sense on mobile, where single app instances are commonplace, whereas navigate-new might make more sense in a desktop context. This is the default value used if provided values are invalid.

Related Applications

The prefer_related_applications member is a boolean value that specifies that applications listed in related_applications should be preferred over the web application.

If the prefer_related_applications member is set to true, the user agent might suggest installing one of the related applications instead of this web application.

Currently known possible values for the platform member are as follows;

"chrome_web_store": .
"play": .
"chromeos_play": .
"webapp": .
"windows": .
"f-droid": .
"amazon": .

EDGE Side Panel

Progressive Web Apps can opt-in to be pinned to the sidebar in Microsoft Edge.

The sidebar in Microsoft Edge allows users to easily access popular websites and utilities alongside their browser tabs. The content in the sidebar augments the user's primary task by enabling side-by-side browsing and minimizing the need to switch contexts between browser tabs.

You can tell EDGE your PWA should only be loaded in the sidebar and the minimum sidebar size.

Translations

The bundle leverages on Symfony Translation component is available. The texts you pass for almost all names, short names, descriptions, labels... can be translation keys.

This feature is in early development stage and may not work as expected. Use with caution

Widgets (Win10+)

To be written

Resource Caching

Developers can build more resilient and user-friendly web applications that perform reliably under various network conditions. Also, it is possible to warm cache a selection of resources. This is powerfull as it allows applications to partially work offline.

The default strategy applied for resources is Network First i.e. the resource from the web server is fetched first. In case of failure, the cached data is served. By default, the service worker will wait 3 seconds before serving the cached version. This value can be configured.

Please note that you can refer to any URLs, but only URLs served by your application will be cached.

Match Callback

The match_callback option is designed to specify the condition used to determine which requests should be cached based on the request URL. This option can take different types of values, such as

A regular expression
A Javasrcipt callback
A prefixed statement

Regular Expression

You can directly pass a regular expression as a string or using the JS RegExp object.

match_callback: '"/styles/.*\.css"'
match_callback: 'new RegExp("/styles/.*\.css")'

Quotes are important!

Javascript Callback

Workbox gives you the url, the params, the request and the event objects. You can use any of those parameters to match with your cache.

match_callback: '({url}) => url.pathname === "/special/url"'
match_callback: '({request}) => request.destination === "image"'

Quotes are important!

Prefixed Statements

This bundle allows the use of handlers to avoid the use of JS and simplify the way you declare the callbacks.

For instance, using startsWith: /pages/ as the match_callback value means that any request URL that begins with /pages/ will be considered a match and thus eligible for caching under the defined cache_name.

Or destination: image is identical to match_callback: '({request}) => request.destination === "image"'.

This approach empowers developers to optimize their web application's performance by strategically caching resources based on URL patterns, ensuring that users enjoy faster load times and a smoother overall experience, even in offline scenarios or under suboptimal network conditions.

Provided Match Callback Handlers:

Pattern

Description

Example

Custom Match Callback Handler

If needed, you can create your own Match Callback Handler. It must implement SpomkyLabs\PwaBundle\MatchCallbackHandler\MatchCallbackHandler and should return a value compatible with.

In the following example, setting match_callback: my-videos is a simplified way to match only videos served from a specific origin.

The class shall be declared as a service.

Cache Name Parameter

The cache_name parameter is used to customize the cache name. If not set, a default value is defined.

Strategy Parameter

The strategy option corresponds to the Workbox strategy.

CacheFirst (Cache Falling Back to Network)

This strategy serves responses from the cache first, falling back to the network if the requested resource is not in the cache. It is ideal for assets that do not update frequently.

NetworkFirst (Network Falling Back to Cache)

The reverse of Cache First, this strategy tries to fetch the response from the network first. If the request fails (e.g., due to being offline), it falls back to the cache. Suitable for content where freshness is more critical.

StaleWhileRevalidate

This strategy serves cached responses immediately while silently fetching an updated version from the network in the background for future use. It is a good compromise for resources that need to be updated occasionally without compromising the user experience with loading delays.

NetworkOnly

A strategy that only uses the network, not attempting to cache or match responses from the cache. This is useful for non-cachable responses such as API requests returning user-specific data.

CacheOnly

Conversely, the Cache Only strategy serves responses from the cache, ignoring the network. This is ideal for offline applications where you want to ensure that only cached resources are served.

Leveraging Workbox strategies allows you to fine-tune how your application handles caching, ensuring that your users get the best possible experience whether they are online or offline.

Network Timeout

The Workbox network_timeout option indicates the number of seconds before the request falls back to the strategy. It is only available with NetworkFirst and NetworkOnly.

Max Entries / Max Age

When set, this indicates the expiration strategy used for the resource cache. max_age can be in seconds or a human-readable string

max_age: 3600 and max_age: 1 hour are similar.

max_entries is a positive number. When the cache reaches the number of cached resources, old resources are removed.

Range Requests

When making a request, a range header can be set that tells the server to return only a portion of the full request. This is useful for certain files like a video file, where a user might change where to play the video.

By setting the range_requests: true, this type of requests will be supported.

Broadcast Parameter

When accessing a page with the StaleWhileRevalidate strategy, the Service Worker will verify if a page update exists and will save it in the cache if any.

The broadcast parameter will tell the Service Worker to send a broadcast message in case of an update. This is usefull to warn the user it is reading an outdated version of the page and ask for a page reload.

In the example below, the message is catched and, if it is of type "workbox-broadcast-update" and the URL matches with the current URL, a toast notification is displayed for 5 seconds.

Broadcast Header

By default, the page header used to check if the page is outdated or not are Content-Length, ETag, Last-Modified. These headers can be changed.

Cacheable Responses

By default, all responses with a 0 or 200 status code and that match with the match_callback option will be cached. It is possible to tell Workbox to cache only resources with a dedicated header or other status codes:

1.0.x

PHPWA Bundle

hashtagWhat is a PWA?

hashtagPWA benefits

How To Create A PWA?

hashtagThe Manifest

How To Install/Remove A PWA?

hashtagAdding a PWA

hashtagChrome

hashtagMicrosoft Edge

hashtagFirefox

hashtagSafari (iOS)

hashtagRemoving a PWA:

hashtagChrome

hashtagMicrosoft Edge

hashtagFirefox

hashtagSafari (iOS)

hashtagAndroid

hashtagWindows 10+

Bundle Installation

Deployment

The Manifest

Application Information

ID

Direction and Language

Orientation

Description

IARC Rating ID

Categories

Screenshots

hashtagConfiguration

hashtagsrc Parameter

hashtagtype Parameter

hashtaglabel Parameter

hashtagplatform Parameter

hashtagform_factor Parameter

Protocol Handlers

hashtagConfiguration

hashtagConsiderations When Using Protocol Handlers

File Handlers

Share Target

The Service Worker

Configuration

hashtagService Worker Initialization

hashtagOther Options

hashtagScope

hashtagCache

hashtagSkip Waiting

Content Security Policy

Workbox

Site Manifest Cache

Asset Caching

Image Caching

Font Caching

hashtagGoogle Font Caching

Offline Fallbacks

BackgoundSync

CDN and Versions

Cache Cleaning

Custom Cache Strategy

Push Notifications

Symfony UX

Connection Status

hashtagParameters

Prefetch on demand

hashtag

Sync Broadcast

hashtagParameters

Image Management

Icons

hashtagImage Processor

hashtagResizing Icons

hashtagFormats And Sizes

hashtagOutput Folder

Screenshots

hashtagImage Processor

Experimental Features

Launch Handler

Related Applications

EDGE Side Panel

What is a PWA?

PWA benefits

The Manifest

Adding a PWA

Chrome

Microsoft Edge

Firefox

Safari (iOS)

Removing a PWA:

Chrome

Microsoft Edge

Firefox

Safari (iOS)

Android

Windows 10+

Configuration

`src` Parameter

`type` Parameter

`label` Parameter

`platform` Parameter

`form_factor` Parameter

Configuration

Considerations When Using Protocol Handlers

Service Worker Initialization

Other Options

Scope

Cache

Skip Waiting

Google Font Caching

Parameters

Parameters

Image Processor

Resizing Icons

Formats And Sizes

Output Folder

Image Processor

What is a PWA?

PWA benefits

The Manifest

The Service Worker

Adding a PWA

Chrome

Microsoft Edge

Firefox

Safari (iOS)

Removing a PWA:

Chrome

Microsoft Edge

Firefox

Safari (iOS)

Android

Windows 10+

Parameters

Targets

Events

The `dir` Parameter

The `lang` Parameter

Configuration

Service Worker Initialization

Other Options

Scope

Cache

Skip Waiting

Configuration

Considerations When Using Protocol Handlers

Parameters

Actions

Targets

Events